In a feverish attempt to lose weight, some people turn to medications and dietary supplements to help them reach their weight loss goals more quickly. One commonly used weight loss medication that’s available over-the-counter is Orlistat, which also goes by the name of Alli.
This medication can be readily purchased at most pharmacies without a prescription. Despite its easy availability, orlistat is not a medication that should be taken without first understanding the drug. The reason? Orlistat side effects can be difficult for some people to tolerate and there’s new concerns about its effect on the liver. What are the side effects of Orlistat?
How Does It Work?
Orlistat exerts its effects by blocking enzymes known as lipases. Lipases are produced by the pancreas and help to break down fats so they can be more easily absorbed by the intestines. When these lipase enzymes are blocked by Orlistat, fat that’s eaten in the diet stays in the intestines and is excreted in the feces rather than absorbed by the body.
Side Effects of Orlistat: Does It Cause Liver Problems?
One of the biggest concerns are new reports that Orlistat’s side effects could include liver toxicity. The FDA has received a number of complaints from users of Orlistat who have experienced elevation in liver enzymes and even liver damage, reportedly, as a result of taking this medication. Although an association between Orlistat and liver damage have yet to be confirmed, it has some medical professionals concerned.
Orlistat Side Effects: Commonly Experienced Side Effects
Less serious than the risk of liver damage, but often uncomfortable are the gastrointestinal side effects associated with Orlistat. Because it inhibits fat absorption, the fats that aren’t absorbed can lead to diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and even leakage of stool. This can be an unsatisfying experience and, not surprisingly, many people discontinue the medication when these symptoms develop.
Is There a Way to Reduce the Side Effects of Orlistat?
One study showed that the gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea, experienced with Orlistat can be reduced by taking psyllium. Psyllium seems to bind to the unabsorbed fat in the intestines so that the bloating, diarrhea, and stool leakage are minimized. Psyllium is the active ingredient in Metamucil and can be purchased at most pharmacies and health food stores. Psyllium should always be taken with a full glass of water to avoid choking. In terms of Orlistat’s effects on the liver, it’s unknown whether there is a real association and, if there is how to prevent it.
The Bottom Line?
Because of the risk of serious side effects, Orlistat should never be taken casually. It’s recommended that this weight loss medication not be used by anyone who has a BMI of less than 28. It’s always best to consult a doctor before starting this or any other weight loss medication.
References:
Prescriber's Letter. September 2009
FDA website
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